Peace Democrats accused him of starting an unjust war on one side, while Radical Republicans in his own party accused him of being too soft on the Confederacy on the other. In addition, many criticized Lincoln for using unconstitutional powers to achieve his goals. To prevent an insurrection in Maryland, he arrested several proslavery leaders in the state, suspended the writ of habeas corpus which requires police to inform suspects of the charges against them , and imprisoned them until the war was over.
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Roger Taney ruled that the suspension was illegal and unconstitutional, but Lincoln ignored him, believing that his actions had been necessary to prevent further rebellion.
SparkTeach Teacher's Handbook. Summary The Union Side: — Page 1 Page 2 Page 3. They were distinctive not merely for their geographical placement, but also because they had remained loyal to the Union even though enslavement was legal within their borders. Another characteristic of a border state would be that a considerable anti- enslavement element was present within the state which meant that, while the economy of the state would not have been heavily tied to the institution, the population of the state could present thorny political problems for the Lincoln administration.
The border states are generally considered to have been Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri. By some reckonings, Virginia was considered to have been a border state although it did eventually secede from the Union to become part of the Confederacy.
However, part of Virginia split away during the war to become the new state of West Virginia, which could then be considered a fifth border state. The border states posed particular political problems for President Abraham Lincoln as he tried to guide the nation during the Civil War.
He often felt the need to move with caution on the issue of enslavement, so as not to offend the citizens of the border states and that tended to annoy Lincoln's own supporters in the North. The situation greatly feared by Lincoln, of course, was that being too aggressive in dealing with the issue might lead the pro-enslavement elements in the border states to rebel and join the Confederacy, which could be disastrous.
If the border states joined the other states that allowed enslavement in rebelling against the Union, it would have given the rebel army more manpower as well as more industrial capacity. Furthermore, if the state of Maryland joined the Confederacy, the national capital, Washington, D.
In the summer of , for instance, he was condemned by many in the North for telling a group of African American visitors to the White House about a plan to send free Black people to colonies in Africa. When prodded by Horace Greeley , the legendary editor of the New York Tribune , to move faster to free enslaved people in , Lincoln responded with a famous and deeply controversial letter.
The most prominent example of Lincoln paying heed to the particular circumstances of the border states would be in the Emancipation Proclamation , which stated that enslaved people in states in rebellion would be freed.
It's notable that the enslaved people in the border states, and thereby part of the Union, were not set free by the proclamation. The ostensible reason for Lincoln excluding the enslaved people in the border states from the Emancipation Proclamation was that the proclamation was a wartime executive action and thus only applied to the states that allowed enslavement in rebellion—but it also avoided the issue of freeing enslaved people in border states which could, perhaps, have led some of the states to rebel and join the Confederacy.
Actively scan device characteristics for identification. With the exception of rice and tobacco, the Union had a clear agricultural advantage. Particularly horses: the Union had twice that of the Confederacy, 3. The Union led corn production with million bushels compared to the million bushels in the Confederacy and million bushels in the Border States.
The Confederacy led tobacco production with million pounds compared to million pounds produced in the Border States and 50 million pounds produced in the Union. The Union led wheat production with million bushels produced in comparison to 35 million bushels in the Confederacy and 20 million bushels in the Border States.
The Union was attributed with having 40 million heads of livestock compared to 35 million in the Confederacy and only 10 million in the Border States. The Union had , factories, while the Confederacy had 21, and the Border States had 9, The Union had 1. The Union had 20, miles of railroad compared to 9, in the Confederacy and 1, in the Border States.
Enlistment strength for the Confederate Army ranges from , to 1,, Soldier demographics for the Confederate Army are not available due to incomplete and destroyed enlistment records. Farmers comprised 48 percent of the civilian occ upations in the Union. Others included mechanics, 24 percent; laborers, 16 percent; commercial, 5 percent; miscellaneous, 4 percent; and professional occupations, 3 percent.
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